{"id":616,"date":"2008-11-26T17:38:22","date_gmt":"2008-11-27T00:38:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/?p=616"},"modified":"2008-12-02T00:35:58","modified_gmt":"2008-12-02T07:35:58","slug":"kognityvine-elgesio-terapija-internalizuotiems-vaiku-ir-paaugliu-sutrikimams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/2008\/11\/26\/kognityvine-elgesio-terapija-internalizuotiems-vaiku-ir-paaugliu-sutrikimams\/","title":{"rendered":"Kognityvin\u0117 &#8211; elgesio terapija internalizuotiems vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 sutrikimams"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"bold;\">Kognityvin\u0117 &#8211; elgesio terapija (KET) yra geriausiai i\u0161studijuotas vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 depresijos ir nerimo sutrikim\u0173 gydymo metodas. Tai <\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">efektyvus, ai<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0161kios strukt\u016bros, \u012f problem\u0105 orientuotas metodas, kuris duoda grei\u010diau rezultatus nei kiti metodai.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><strong><em>KET bruo\u017eai:<\/em><\/strong><span style=\"bold;\"> vaikas kas savait\u0119 atlieka pavestas u\u017eduotis. Tai padeda keisti elges\u012f tarp konsultacij\u0173. Tai taip pat sutrumpina trukm\u0119, konsultacij\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Yra nukreipta \u012f esam\u0105 elges\u012f, m\u0105stym\u0105. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Specifinio vaiko \u017eodyno, vaizdini\u0173 naudojimas ar paprastos kasdien\u0117s kalbos vartojimas yra ypa\u010d svarbus dirbant su schemomis, neteisingais \u012fsitikinimais ir nuostatomis. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><strong><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Vaik<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 depresija<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Da\u017enai manoma, kad depresija &#8211; tik suaugusiems \u017emon\u0117ms b\u016bdinga liga. Ta\u010diau nuo \u0161io sutrikimo ken\u010dia ne tik suaug\u0119, bet ir vaikai bei paaugliai. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Depresija palie\u010dia daugiau nei vien\u0105 i\u0161 de\u0161imties vaik\u0173 nuo 6 iki 12 met\u0173 am\u017eiaus. Amerikos vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 psichiatrijos akademijos JAV duomenimis, beveik 5 procentai vis\u0173 vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 ken\u010dia nuo depresijos. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Stres\u0105 bei netekt\u012f i\u0161gyvenantys, d\u0117mesio, mokymosi ir elgesio sutrikim\u0173 turintys vaikai susiduria su didesne depresijos gr\u0117sme.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Depresija yra liga, kurios metu prisl\u0117gta asmens nuotaika bei su ja susij\u0119 jausmai apima ir neigiamai paveikia visas individo normalaus funkcionavimo sritis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Vaikai, sergantys depresija gali patirti klasikinius simptomus: li\u016bdes\u012f ir bej\u0117gi\u0161kum\u0105, miego ir valgymo poky\u010dius, nuovarg\u012f ir interes\u0173 praradim\u0105 anks\u010diau m\u0117gtose veiklose. Arba tai gali b\u016bti sunkiau atpa\u017e\u012fstami elgesio poky\u010diai, tokie kaip netik\u0117tas i\u0161kritimas i\u0161 mokyklos, dirglumas, atsisakymas bendradarbiauti, agresyvumas ir alkoholio ar narkotik\u0173 vartojimas. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><strong><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Kognityvin<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0117<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> &#8211; elgesio<\/span><span style=\"bold;\"> terapija vaik\u0173 depresijos gydymui<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><em><span style=\"bold;\">Tikslas<\/span><\/em><span style=\"bold;\"> &#8211; keisti depresijai b\u016bdingas negatyvias nuostatas, pasirei\u0161kian\u010dias sergan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 polinkiu visk\u0105 \u201cmatyti tamsiomis spalvomis\u201d. Tai mokymasis \u012f save pa\u017evelgti kaip \u012f laim\u0117toj\u0105, o ne \u012f nevyk\u0117l\u012f. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Tai trumpalaikis gydymo kursas, kuris gali b\u016bti skiriamas tiek stacionare, tiek ambulatori\u0161kai. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Tyrimais patvirtintas efektyvumas, silpnai ar vidutinio sunkumo depresijai gydyti, ta\u010diau abejojama, ar efektyvu sunkios vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 depresijos terapijai. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Suma\u017eina atkry\u010dio rizik\u0105.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Kognityvin<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0117<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\"> <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u2013 elgesin\u0117 <\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">depresijos terapija padeda vaikams<\/span><span style=\"bold;\"> ir paaugliams<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Atpa<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u017e<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">inti ir keisti <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u012f<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">racionalias sav<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0119<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">s gailest<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u012f<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> kelian<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u010d<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">ias mintis<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"bold;\">\u012e<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">sisavinti tinkamesnes ir pozityvesnes reakcijas savo ar kit<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0173<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> mintims ir jausmams<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Gerinti klausymo, socialinius ir probl<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">e<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">m<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0173<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> sprendimo <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u012f<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">g<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u016b<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">d<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u017e<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">ius<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Planuoti teigiamas\/malonias individualias ar visuomenines veiklas.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Nerimo sutrikimai<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Nerimo sutrikimai yra viena da\u017eniausia psichopatologijos form\u0173 tarp vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173. Tarp vis\u0173 vaik\u0173 psichikos sutrikim\u0173 jie u\u017eima 2-4 vietas.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Nedidelis nerimas ar baim\u0117s vaikyst\u0117je yra \u012fprastos ir vertinamos kaip nat\u016bralaus vystymosi dalis. Vis d\u0117lto baim\u0117s gali tapti perd\u0117tomis ir kelti \u017eym\u0173 stres\u0105 vaikui. <span style=\"italic;\">Sunkesni nerimo sutrikimai yra \u0161ie<\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"1;\">\u00a0<\/span>socialin\u0117 fobija (baim\u0117 ir atsisakymas eiti \u012f mokykl\u0105)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"1;\">\u00a0<\/span>i\u0161siskyrimo baim\u0117 (baim\u0117 netekti t\u0117v\u0173),<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">arba specifin\u0117s fobijos (gyv\u016bn\u0173, tamsos, audros, baim\u0117 miegoti vienam).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">N<\/span>erimo sutrikimus skatinantys veiksniai:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">artimo \u017emogaus mirtis arba liga, mokyklos pakeitimas, i\u0161siskyrimas su draugais, gyvenamosios vietos pakeitimas, t\u0117v\u0173 skyrybos. Taip pat neigiamai veikia komplikuoti santykiai bei didelis \u0161eimos nari\u0173 nerimo lygis. T\u0117vai d\u0117l savo vidini\u0173 konflikt\u0173 nesugeba sukurti saugumo \u0161eimoje, o tai skatina vaik\u0173 nerim\u0105.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Pernelyg didelis susir\u016bpinimas vaikams da\u017eniausiai i\u0161sivyto su mokykla, sveikata, namais susijusiais \u012fvykiais (kontroliniais, t\u0117v\u0173 atst\u016bmimu, fizine liga ar su\u017eeidimais, medicinin\u0117mis proced\u016bromis ir t\u0117v\u0173 konfliktais ar bausm\u0117mis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\"><strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Baimi<\/span>\u0173<\/strong><strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> terapija susidaro i<\/span>\u0161<\/strong><strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Baim\u0119 kelian\u010dio \u012fvykio kognityvinio perstrukt\u016bravimo, taip kad vaikas gal\u0117t\u0173 j\u012f pamatyti ma\u017eiau g\u0105sdinant\u012f ir valdyti situacij\u0105, o ne jos vengti. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Atsipalaidavimo ir vaizduot\u0117s \u012fg\u016bd\u017ei\u0173 lavinimo.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Baim\u0119 kelian\u010di\u0173 situacij\u0173 atskleidimo.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Adaptyvesni\u0173 reakcij\u0173 demonstravimo ir modeliavimo.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Nerimo sutrikim<\/span>\u0173 terapija:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Individuali, paskiriama gydytoj\u0173 ir t\u0117v\u0173 bendru sutarimu. \u0160eimos arba aplinkos.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Sisteminio desensitizavimo metodas. Nerimas gali suma\u017e\u0117ti s\u0105moningai kartojant nerim\u0105 keliant\u012f vaizdin\u012f saugioje aplinkoje, arba palaipsniui g\u0105sdinant\u012f vaizdin\u012f kei\u010diant \u012f labiau priimtin\u0105, malon\u0173. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Vaizdini\u0173 redukcijos b\u016bdas kai gr\u0117smingas \u017emogus \u012fsivaizduojamas ma\u017eas arba jam ne\u012fprastoje, komi\u0161koje situacijoje (mokyklos fobija, socialinis nerimas, fobinis nerimo sutrikimas).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><strong>Obsesinis \u2013 kompulsinis sutrikimas<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Tai neuroelgesinis sutrikimas, kuris palie\u010dia nuo 0.5% iki 1% vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173. Vaikas gali patirti arba \u012fkyrumus (pasikartojan\u010dias mintis, vaizdinius ar impulsus, kurie yra \u012fkyr\u016bs ir keliantys stres\u0105 arba manij\u0105 (pasikartojant\u012f elges\u012f, tok\u012f kaip rank\u0173 plovim\u0105, arba mintis, tokias kaip skai\u010diavimas). Vaikas gali bandyti neutralizuoti savo baim\u0119 arba i\u0161vengti g\u0105sdinan\u010di\u0173 \u012fvyki\u0173 naudojant ritualus (pavyzd\u017eiui, \u0161okin\u0117ja eidamas \u0161aligatviu, kad neu\u017elipt\u0173 ant ply\u0161io tam, kad apsaugot\u0173 t\u0117vus) arba tikrinim\u0105 (nuolatos \u012fjungia ir i\u0161jungia \u0161vies\u0105, kad \u201c\u012fsitikint\u0173\u201d, jog ji tikrai i\u0161jungta). Simptomai yra nesuvaldomi, susij\u0119 su stresu ir da\u017enai kliudo vaiko funkcionavimui namie, mokykloje ir socialiniame gyvenime. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><strong>Obsesinio \u2013 kompuslinio sutrikimo terapij<\/strong><strong><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">os<\/span> metodai<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Mokymas baim\u0117s valdymo \u012fg\u016bd\u017ei\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui: raumen\u0173 atpalaidavimo, vaizduot\u0117s ir kv\u0117pavimo kontrol\u0117s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Nemaloni\u0173 baim\u0117s simptom\u0173 kognityvinis perstrukt\u016bravimas<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Laipsni\u0161kas pratinimas prie baim\u0119 kelian\u010di\u0173 objekt\u0173, neapsaugojant nuo baim\u0117s objekto, kuris skatina vaik\u0105 pama\u017eu \u012fprasti susidurti su jo baime (pavyzd\u017eiui, liesti purvin\u0105 dur\u0173 ranken\u0105) ir neatlikti \u012fkyraus, nerim\u0105 ma\u017einan\u010dio veiksmo (plauti rankas ar laikyti ranken\u0105 audiniu).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Perkeltin\u0117s prasm\u0117s istorijos, kurios parodo vaikui, kad jis ar ji turi pasirinkim\u0105 kaip elgtis ir gali i\u0161vengti obsesinio \u2013 kompulsinio sutrikimo bei j\u012f lydin\u010di\u0173 nemaloni\u0173 poj\u016b\u010di\u0173 ir veiksm\u0173.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Vyresniems:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Min\u010di\u0173 stabdymas, kai d\u0117mesys nukreipiamas pasakius \u201cstop\u201d, suplojus delnais, garsiai skai\u010diuojant (obsesiniam kompulsiniam sutrikimui)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">U\u017era\u0161ymas (dienora\u010dio metodas) leid\u017eia objektyviau \u012fvertinti situacij\u0105 ir ie\u0161koti alternatyvaus sprendimo (visiems nerimo sutrikimams).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Philip C. Kendall<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Psichologijos profesorius, Vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 nerimo sutrikim\u0173 klinikos Filadelfijoje direktorius. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Suk\u016br\u0117 ir \u012fvertino nema\u017eai gydymo program\u0173 vaikams ir jaunuoliams. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><em><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Coping cats <\/span><\/em><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">metodas.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Tai kognityvin\u0117 &#8211; elgesin\u0117 metodika, kuri mokyklinio am\u017eiaus vaikams padeda:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\">atpa\u017einti nerimo jausm\u0105 ir psichines reakcija \u012f nerim\u0105;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u012fgyti geb\u0117jim\u0105 atpa\u017einti nerim\u0105 kelian\u010dias situacijas;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">sukurti plan\u0105 kaip susidoroti su situacija (rasti, kurie veiksmai gali b\u016bti efektyv\u016bs);<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">i\u0161mokti vertinti savo veiksmus ir pastiprinti save.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">I<\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">ntervencija naudoja elgesio lavinimo strategijas, tokias kaip reali\u0173 gyvenimo situacij\u0173 modeliavimas, vaidmen\u0173 \u017eaidimas, atsipalaidavimo lavinimas ir grup\u0117s sustiprinimas. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">U\u017esi\u0117mimo metu terapeutas naudoja socialin\u012f pastiprinim\u0105, vaiko apdovanojimui ir padr\u0105sinimui.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Terapija trunka 16 konsultacij\u0173. Pirmosios 8 konsultacijos yra lavinimosios, kuriose mokomasi nauj\u0173 \u012fg\u016bd\u017ei\u0173. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Likusiose konsultacijose vaikas \u012fgyvendina i\u0161moktus naujus \u012fg\u016bd\u017eius vaizduot\u0117je ir realiame gyvenime.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Efektyvumas:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">Kognityviosios terapijos principai padeda vaikams suvokti savo b\u016bsen\u0105 bei jausmus ir juos priimti. Da\u017enai vaikai jau\u010diasi bej\u0117giai ir socialiai menkaver\u010diai, tod\u0117l darbo metu svarbu parodyti j\u0173 stipri\u0105sias puses, skatinti pasitik\u0117jim\u0105 savimi, mokyti atpa\u017einti ir i\u0161reik\u0161ti savo jausmus.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><strong>Naudota literat\u016bra:<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">B<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">ehavioural therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\"> <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">disorders: clinical research advances<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">. <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">A<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">.<\/span><span style=\"bold;\"> M<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">.<\/span><span style=\"bold;\"> A<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">lbano, <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">P<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">. <\/span><span style=\"bold;\">C. K<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">endall. <\/span><em><span style=\"bold;\">International Review of Psychiatry <\/span><\/em><span style=\"bold;\">(2002), 14, 129\u2013134Cognitive<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"small;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Vaik<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 nerimo sutrikimai. Psichoterapijos kryptys. <\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Diom<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u0161<\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">ina B., Vy<\/span><span style=\"bold;\">\u010dinien\u0117 D. Medicina, <\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\">2002, 38 tomas, Nr. 4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cognitivetherapynyc.com\/child.asp\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">http:\/\/www.cognitivetherapynyc.com\/child.asp<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.psichoterapijosstudija.lt\/straipsniai\/nerimas.doc\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">http:\/\/www.psichoterapijosstudija.lt\/straipsniai\/nerimas.doc<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http:\/\/eli.mama.lt\/straipsnis_spausdinimui\/ar_vaikai_serga_depresija\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">http:\/\/eli.mama.lt\/straipsnis_spausdinimui\/ar_vaikai_serga_depresija<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"list 36.0pt;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.children.lt\/?_nm_mid=TVN3eUxEUXNNeXd3&amp;_nm_lid=0&amp;session=no\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">http:\/\/www.children.lt\/?_nm_mid=TVN3eUxEUXNNeXd3&amp;_nm_lid=0&amp;<\/span><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.children.lt\/?_nm_mid=TVN3eUxEUXNNeXd3&amp;_nm_lid=0&amp;session=no\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">session=n<\/span><\/a><\/span><span style=\"EN-US;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.children.lt\/?_nm_mid=TVN3eUxEUXNNeXd3&amp;_nm_lid=0&amp;session=no\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">o<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"justify;\"><span style=\"bold;\"><span style=\"Times New Roman;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kognityvin\u0117 &#8211; elgesio terapija (KET) yra geriausiai i\u0161studijuotas vaik\u0173 ir paaugli\u0173 depresijos ir nerimo sutrikim\u0173 gydymo metodas. Tai efektyvus, ai\u0161kios strukt\u016bros, \u012f problem\u0105 orientuotas metodas, kuris duoda grei\u010diau rezultatus nei kiti metodai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[40],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/616"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=616"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":670,"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/616\/revisions\/670"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesnausk.org\/klinikine-psichologija\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}